Ore Processing

Main Types of Mineral Processing Equipment and Functions

1.   Crushing Equipment

Jaw Crusher

A primary crushing machine with a V-shaped chamber, ideal for breaking large ore blocks into smaller pieces.   It features high crushing ratio and durability, widely used in the first stage of ore processing.

Cone Crusher

Used for secondary or tertiary crushing, suitable for hard and medium-hard ores.   It produces uniform particle sizes through the squeezing and crushing action between the mantle and concave.

Impact Crusher

Utilizes impact force to crush materials, suitable for brittle ores.   It offers high crushing efficiency and is often applied in sand making and aggregate production.

2.   Grinding Equipment

Ball Mill

A cylindrical rotating drum filled with steel balls, grinding ores into fine powders by the impact and attrition of the balls.   It is commonly used in both wet and dry grinding processes.

Rod Mill

Similar to a ball mill but uses steel rods as grinding media, producing fewer over-ground particles and more uniform product sizes, suitable for coarse grinding.

Vertical Mill (V-Ray Mill)

A modern grinding equipment with high efficiency and low energy consumption, integrating crushing, grinding, and powder separation functions.

3.   Sorting Equipment

Froth Flotation Machine

The most widely used sorting equipment for sulfide ores and non-metallic minerals.   It separates minerals by their surface hydrophobicity, with valuable minerals adhering to air bubbles and forming froth.

Magnetic Separator

Separates minerals based on their magnetic properties.   Permanent or electromagnetic magnets attract magnetic minerals (e.g., magnetite), while non-magnetic materials are discharged as tailings.

Gravity Separation Equipment

Jig Separator: Separates minerals by their density through vertical pulsating water flow.

Spiral Classifier: Uses centrifugal force and gravity to classify particles by size and density, often combined with grinding equipment.

Shaking Table: Separates minerals on a sloping table with reciprocating motion, suitable for fine-grained ore sorting.

4.   Dewatering Equipment

Filter Press

Removes water from mineral slurries through pressure, producing filter cakes with low moisture content.   Commonly used in tailings treatment and concentrate dewatering.

Thickener

Reduces the water content of slurry by sedimentation, often used as a pre-dewatering step before filtration.

Centrifuge

Utilizes centrifugal force to separate solid particles from liquid, suitable for fine-grained materials with high dewatering efficiency.

5.   Auxiliary Equipment

Feeder

Uniformly delivers ores to subsequent equipment, such as vibrating feeders for continuous and stable material supply.

Classifier

Separates particles by size, ensuring the output of grinding equipment meets the required granularity, e.g., hydrocyclones for fine-grain classification.

Dust Collector

Controls air pollution by capturing dust generated during crushing and grinding, improving working environment safety.

Key Features of Modern Mineral Processing Equipment：

High Efficiency: Designed for large-scale production with minimal energy consumption.

Intelligence: Integration of automation systems for real-time monitoring and control.

Environmental Friendliness: Reduced noise, dust emission, and water consumption to meet environmental regulations.

Customization: Adaptable to different ore properties (hardness, density, mineral composition) for optimized processing flows.

This equipment collectively forms the core of mineral processing plants, enabling the transformation of raw ores into valuable resources for various industrial applications.   For specific technical parameters or application cases, further detailed specifications can be provided based on ore types and processing requirements.